The Arthrogram Procedure for Diagnosing Joint Problems

Uses of Arthrograms

An arthrogram is part of the diagnostic procedure used to detect structural and functional problems in joints, including the ankle, knee, hip, wrist, and shoulder joints.

One of the most common uses of the procedure is to examine a specific joint to determine whether it may need treatment such as surgical correction, or substitution of the joint with an artificial replacement.

This procedure is also commonly used to help diagnose the cause of pain and discomfort in one or more joints.

Types of Arthrogram Procedures

There are two main types of arthrograms. The simplest form of this diagnostic procedure involves taking x-rays of the joint. Another form of the procedure involves using an MRI or CT scan to create more detailed images of the joints.

Whether the procedure is performed using x-ray, MRI, or CT scan, the first part involves the injection of a contrast dye into the joint which is to be examined. This dye is used because it helps to increase the contrast of images that are created using the imaging machine. By increasing the contrast, more detailed images can be created, helping doctors to more accurately assess the condition of the joint or diagnose a problem.

The next part of the procedure differs depending on the exact tests the patient will undergo. Some people may undergo an x-ray only, a CT scan only, or an MRI only. In other cases a patient may undergo two or three of these procedures, one after the other. Each of these diagnostic tests involves being placed on or in a piece of equipment that uses specific types of technology to create images of the interior of the joint.

The occurrence of complications following these diagnostic tests is extremely rare. To ensure the risks remain minimal, people with diabetes, an infection, allergy to local anesthetics, or an artificial device such as a pacemaker, artificial heart valve, bone pins, rods, or screws, or any other metal within their body, should inform their doctor before undergoing any tests. Women who are pregnant or may be pregnant should inform their doctor.

All three of these tests are non-invasive, but may involve some discomfort, due to the requirement that the patient stay very still for a moderate amount of time. All are outpatient procedures, and the patient can go home almost immediately afterwards.

This article provides more information about the different medical imaging tests mentioned here.

References

Radiology Information from the Radiological Society of North America, Inc: Conventional Arthrography

Department of Radiology at the University of Washington: MRI Arthrogram